高考英语语法:高中英语语法-如何表达“高原反应”?
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如何表达“高原反应”?
青藏铁路开通以来,“高原反应”一度被国外媒体热炒,甚至有报道说,已有多名旅客因发生严重高原反应而死亡。对此,铁道部新闻发言人王勇平表示,截至8月29日,仅发生一例旅客因高原反应诱发心脏病死亡事件。
请看外电相关报道:An elderly Hong Kong tourist has died from altitude sickness after riding on China's new Tibet railway. The unnamed 77-year-old man is the only person to have reportedly died as a result of traveling on the line which opened last month
由报道可知,“高原反应”比较地道的英文表达是“altitude sickness”。
“高”指的是altitude(高海拔),所以,下次若看到“高(山)、高(地)、高(原)”,可以依据具体语境想一想能否用“altitude”,如:mountain altitudes(纳扒激高山地带);At some altitudes snow never melts.(在某些高海拔地区,雪从不融化。)
“反应”在此也不能照字面直译为“response”,它着重强调的是“(因高海拔而引起的)不适和恶心”,此碰所以,sickness比较恰切地道出了“(高原)反应”的内涵。
另外,顺便提一个与altitude相关的短语,若看到“in his altitude”可是指“某人醉了”,或“飘飘然了”。
中国日报网站 《高中英语语法-如何表达“高原反应”?》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86.com
如何上一堂有效的英语复习课
一、课堂教学回顾
1.导入与准备
(1)授课教师首先音频呈现英文版歌曲《Catch the eels(捉泥鳅)》,并同时用幻灯片呈现该首歌曲的英文歌词:Catch the eels
Yelling(叫喊)to all my friends gather(围) around the field(田野). Inside the muddy (泥泞的)field hiding(躲藏) many eels. Wait for you every day just to catch the eels. Since (既然)the rain has stopped now, let’s goto catch the eels.Oh,boy,please stand still(不动的),don’t fall (掉)into muddy field.Since the rain has stopped now, let’s go to catch the eels.
(2)授课教师自然过渡到直本课主线,My hometown, Yongquan,is in the countryside of Linhai.It’s a good place to catch eels.呈现涌泉图片。再继续引入I am planning to take you to my hometown this Saturday.由I also asked my friend Mrs Green to come to my hometown for vacation.But she can’t come.引起学生的疑问So what is she doing for vacation?让学生积极地参与到guessing game 这个环节。让学生运用Unit3的重点句型和词组来问跟答,这一过程中强调be +babysitting的用法。操练句型A: What is she doing for vacation?B:I think she….
2.操练重绝销点句型
1)连接上一步骤,揭示上文答案These are my fiend and his family. They can’t come to my hometown for vacation.They are leaving for one of the following places. 图片呈现Tibet、Greece、San Francisco、Hong Kong、Italy、Hawaii、Thailand、Spain、the Great Lakes等地方,让学生再次操练句型Where are they leaving for ?
2)揭示答案,引入下个环节 How much do you know about Yongquan?让学生完成四个活动,并许诺每个活动谁最御则先完成,谁可以得到小礼物作为奖励。
①What is Yongquan famous for?
②Guess in pairs.通过pair work来操练Unit4的乘坐交通工具的两种不同表达方式并拆游。
Pairwork 1
A:How can we get to Yongquan?
B:I think we can get there by…, on…, ….
Pairwork 2
A:How can we get to Yongquan?
B:We can ____ a bus there.
并提醒学生Remember: ride a bike= ride on a biketake a car= ride in a cartake a bus= ride on/in a bus.
③Guess in twos
A:How far is ____ from Linhai to Yongquan?
B:I think … kilometres.
around 35 kilometers( _____ miles)
1mile≈1.6kilometers
④.通过Guess in pairs,来操练how long句型。
A:How long does it________ _____get to Yongquanby boat?
B:I think ….
授课教师补充It depends on the tide(潮水).并引入话题Is Yongquan a good place to do the following activities? I think it’ a good place to ____.再自然过渡并呈现图片复习go ____短语go bike riding、go hiking、go sightseeing 、go boating、go fishing、go camping等等。
3)再操练,Pairwork,图片呈现不同活动,如pick and eat、catch eels等
A:What are you doing in Yongquan for vacation?
B:…
3.小组活动,讨论出游计划,然后让学生作报告Report :This is our group’s plan.最后形成our final(最终的)plan.再就最终计划写一份通知,通知提供格式开头和结尾。
4.改错,根据出游计划,自然过渡到作出游前的工作,上网查阅有关涌泉的网站,幻灯片呈现the website(网站)of Yongquan!及不同版块Brief introduction(简介)、Visit Yongquan for free、Travellers’diaries(游客日记)、Online Consulting(在线咨询)、Sights of Yongquan.
进入Brief introduction(简介)版块,呈现短文,让学生改错。
The town of Yongquan is famouse for oranges.It is about 35kilometer far from Linhai.There are around fourty villages in the town.From Linhai,you can come by a bus or you can in a car.
If you plan visiting Yongquan,you can enjoy different something. It’s a good place to go sightseeing, go fishing, go camp and take walk.
Welcome for you to Yongquan!
5.完形填空,让学生完成出游日记。
A travel diary
On the evening of last Friday, my mother said to me:“Tomorrow we are(计划)to______(度假)a vacation to the______(镇)of Yongquan.It’s in the________(农村)of Linhai.We are____(去)______(野营)on a mountain in the ______(北方)of Yongquan. I am sure we can enjoy the _____(自然)and ________(忘记)all our problems. We are _________(骑)our bicycles.It_______(一定)be more fun _____(比)taking a bus.”
The next morning, we got up ______(早).We had a ________(快的)breakfast and started to______ ________(前往)Yongquan______ (乘)bike.
The road is along a ______(河流), and we saw some funny_______(小船)on the way. It’s about 22 ______(英里)away,and it usually_____( 花费)us about two hours to ride.But we spent one hour and________(五十)______(分钟).
On the mountain we visited a beautiful_____(湖). Many other___________ (游客)were there too. One girl said, “It’s a different place from other _______(地区)of China. I’m taking a lot of photos and _______
(寄)them to my friend in _________(欧洲).
In the afternoon, my mother got a little ______(生病的). A young man said, “Don’t _______(担忧).You can _______(乘)my car when you want to go______(离开)”.So my mother _______ ______(回来) home _______(乘) his car.
6.阅读理解。展示Online consulting 的一篇关于去涌泉出行的文章,让学生阅读并回答相关问题。原文如下:
Dear sir or madam,
I’m taking a vacation next weekend.I thought about visiting Huangyan,but decided on Yongquan.In Yongquan I’m planning to go camping on the mountain.I’m spending an exciting night in the beautiful countryside.
I hope to go by car,but my friend said that the traffic in the street of Yongquan is not so good. What do you think of my idea?Do you have some good suggestions?
Waiting for your reply. Thanks so much.
Yours,
Little Tiger
Read the above passage and write“T”or“F”.
( )1.Little Tiger deicided to visit Huangyan.
( )2.Little Tiger plans to go camping on the mountain.
( )3.Little Tiger thinks it’s dangerous to sleep on the mountain.
( )4.Little Tiger is going to Yongquan by bike.
7.拓展阅读。阅读涌泉网站Visit Yongquan for free版块,回答问题1.What’s the name of the place?2.What’s your idea to make Lantian attract(吸引)more tourists?
材料原文
In Yongquan there is a famous mountain where there are stone(石头)-built houses, a beautiful lake,exciting falls(瀑布)and popular tea. It’s about six hundred metres above the sea level(海拔). Now, a lot of visitors drive their own cars or walk to the mountain to go camping, hiking and sightseeing there.
二、本节课值得学习的地方
本节课有许多我们一线英语教师值得借鉴的地方。授课教师教师的设计思路非常的清晰。由一条主线go to Yongquan for vacation 贯穿整个课堂。整节课分为七个教学过程:导入与准备、操练重点句型、小组活动讨论计划和编写通知、阅读材料进行改错、阅读日记做完型填空、阅读短文完成阅读理解、拓展阅读引发讨论。
1.容量大、主次分明。本节课整合了8A Unit3 What are you doing for vacation?和Unit4 How do you get to school?两个单元的教学内容,从一开始的听、说,到后面的读、写。有效地在复习课中兼顾了语言学习的各个环节,并且重点突出。
2.导入自然、交际情景真实而智慧。在这个环节中,授课教师用捉泥鳅这首比较令人耳熟且又不失新鲜感的英文歌曲来吸引学生,去自觉地学习该歌曲的英文版,这不得不提该授课教师的智慧非同寻常。而且整个课堂设计的情景很真实,很贴近学生的实际生活,这使得学生有话可说。
3.语言训练有实效。该节课根据教学内容设计的活动形式和目的和谐一致。控制性语言训练和开放性语言训练比例恰当,为学生自主运用所学语言提供时间和空间。复习教学的全过程中,不但训练了学生的口语能力,各个环节还与提高中考应试能力密切相关,如阅读过程中不失改错、完型填空、阅读理解、书面表达等训练。且题目与中考题型及命题都一样规范,听、说、读、写达到了完美的统一。
三、本节课有待商榷的地方
1.材料呈现的顺序是否最佳
本节课的第5和第6这两个教学步骤是否最佳,本人以为第6环节是网上咨询,Little Tiger还未确定go to Yongquan for vacation的一些细节问题,按整个教学的设计来看,这跟第5环节的出行日记进行换序,出行日记是出游之后的事,本人认为应该按时间轴来确定步骤,而不是按中考题型。
2.任务是否完成到位
本节课的内容比较多,时间上是否比较仓促。事实上,这是授课教师第二次上此课,但不是同一个班级,且两个班级的基础大相径庭。即使是基础比较好的那个班级,进度也来不及。比如写通知这个环节,要不要点评,如不点评,写得效果就不好,如要点评,势必要影响下个环节的教学。
四、对如何提高初中英语复习课效率的一些思考
1.确立初中英语复习课的目标、内容与任务
复习课不是新授课的再现,而是总结并巩固新授课的知识要点,是进一步落实新授课的重点和难点,使学生生成自己的技巧。比如上文的案例,是《go for it 》8A Unit3 What are you doing for vacation?和Unit4 How do you get to school?综合在一起的复习课。这两个单元刚好可以整合成一体,根据这两个单元的教学目标、内容和重难点,所以授课者以go to Yongquan for vacation为主线,把一系列的活动都用这条线贯穿起来,自然融洽地使教学各个环节之间形成一个流畅的衔接链,上课犹如行云流水,水到自然渠也成。
2.分析学情,确立复习材料多寡和难易
复习课有没有效果,关键还要看学生,所以学情分析是必不可少的。如上文的案例,一开始授课教师用精心设计的复习课去讲解,结果学生听得一头雾水,只知道涌泉还有桔子,而这些信息也不是通过课堂复习所得到的,因为学生就是涌泉本地的。所以针对不同层次的学生,我们在设计前要仔细分析学情,才能真真正正地达到有效复习的目的。
3.设计要贴近学生生活,以确保有效课堂教学的开展
兴趣是学习的原动力,这是每个教育工作者都深有体会的道理,同样英语复习课也要设计一些贴近学生生活的话题。比如笔者曾经观摩了两位教师的两节同是《go for it 》9 Unit10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.的复习课,其中的高老师只是课文的重现,导致连听课的老师都昏昏欲睡,更别提学生了。而另一位吴老师则用不同的形式如采用动画,来穿插Unit10的句型和词组并自己配音形成一段音频,不但锻炼了学生的听说技能,还吸引了所有学生和与会的听课教师的眼球,学生不集中注意力都不行。
4.掌握有效复习课的评价依据
复习课要求有实效性,必须从学生“学”的情况反观教师“教”的水平,因为一切“教”的行为都是为“学”服务的。从学生学的状态效果来评价教师教的成败,是最具说服力的。
巴班斯基说:“分析一节课,不但要分析教学过程和教学方法,而且还要分析教学结果。”因此评价复习课教学的最重要依据:一是复习效率是否高,学生思维是否活跃,气氛是否热烈;二是学生受益面是否大,不同程度的学生在原有基础上是否都有进步。知识、能力、情感目标是否达成;三是时间利用率是否高效,学生学得是否轻松愉快,积极性是否高,当堂出现的问题是否当堂解决,学生的作业布置是否合理。从听、说、读、写来看,听是否能够听懂并作出正确反映,说是否说得顺畅,读是否能掌握大意,并对个别细小问题能否解决,写是否能基本行文,且无大碍。可以让学生当堂作文,当堂点评,这样效果才会比较明显。
Today we are going to review our lesson. we will talk about the difference about present tense,past tense and future tense. Final examination